1. Invoke an internal and external threat.
2. Secret prisons where torture takes place.
3. Develop a paramilitary force.
4. Surveil ordinary citizens.
5. Infiltrate citizens’ groups.
6. Arbitrarily detain and release citizens.
7. Target key individuals.
8. Restrict the press.
9. Recast criticism as espionage and dissent as treason.
10. Subvert the rule of law.
How a republic is instituted
1. Majority elections.
2. Free speech.
3. Free association.
4. Accountability.
5. Elimination of everything in the fascism list above.
6. . . . ?
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